The managers of factories had no compunction about having the child-laborers work twelve to fifteen hours a day. Unsafe machinery, sooty air, and little or no food were only a few of the conditions that these children faced every day. There were no days off, no lunch hours, no breaks.
It would take decades for labor reform to make conditions safer for children, and, for that matter, adult workers. Reform came slowly, with advocates for it battling business owners and managers.
The business owners were finally persuaded, in part, by having common schools. These common schools would be places where children would go and be trained on how to be compliant factory workers.
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